This section of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023, explains three things:
1. Short Title (Name of the Act)
The Act is officially called "Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023". It gives the name by which the law will be referred.
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2. Extent (Where it Applies)
This Act does not apply to certain regions, specifically:
(a) Nagaland
(b) Tribal areas (These are the areas that were part of the tribal regions in Assam before January 21, 1972, but do not include Shillong Municipality).
However, the State Government of Nagaland or any tribal area can decide to apply the Act (or certain parts of it) to their regions by issuing a notification. They can also make necessary adjustments (supplemental or incidental changes) to the Act to suit local needs.
Example:
Imagine a new traffic rule is passed by the Central Government, but this rule is not automatically applicable in Nagaland or tribal areas. The government of Nagaland can decide to implement this rule in the state by issuing a notification in the official gazette, and they can also modify it slightly to fit local requirements.
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3. Commencement (When it Starts)
The Act will come into effect from a date that the Central Government will announce through a notification in the Official Gazette.
Example:
If the Central Government decides that this Act will start on April 1, 2024, they will issue a notification to let everyone know. Before the notification, the Act won't be applicable.
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Explanation of "Tribal Areas"
The section explains that "tribal areas" are regions that were part of Assam's tribal areas before January 21, 1972, as mentioned in the Constitution. But, this does not include areas within Shillong Municipality.
Example:
If an area like "Village X" was part of Assam's tribal region before 1972 and is not in Shillong Municipality, it will be considered a tribal area.
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In Simple Terms:
The law applies everywhere in India except Nagaland and tribal areas. These regions can adopt the law later if they want, with changes that suit their needs. The law will officially begin
on a date announced by the Central Government.
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